,canada ,cu/oms                       #a
& ,rev5ue ,ag5cy

          ,9t]pret,n ,bullet9
    
,subject3 ,9come ,tax ,act--,:at is a
  ,"pn]%ip8
,numb]3 ,,it-#ij
,date3 ,febru>y #i1 #aigc
,ref];e3 ,sec;n #if

#a4 ,! ,9come ,tax ,act does n def9e a
  8"pn]%ip01 b \tl9es ! tax 3sequ;es if
  "o exi/s4 ,sec;n #ajb def9es :at is
  m1nt 0a 8,canadian "pn]%ip01 b
  presupposes t "! is a "pn]%ip4 ,a
  "pn]%ip is n a p]son1 nor is x deem$
  6be )9 ! m1n+ (! ,act1 not)/&+ t sec;n
  #if provides t ! 9come (a memb] (a
  "pn]%ip is -put$ z if ! "pn]%ip 7 a
  sep>ate p]son resid5t 9 ,canada4
#b4 ,g5],y sp1k+1 a "pn]%ip is ! rel,n t
  subsi/s 2t p]sons c>ry+ on busi;s 9
  -mon )a view 6pr(it4 ,h["e1 co-[n]%ip
  ( "o or m prop]ties n associat$     #a
                ,,it-#ij             a#a
  )a busi;s1 7: "u ,-mon ,law mi<t 2 a
  jo9t t5ancy or a t5ancy 9 -mon71 does
  n ( xf cr1te a "pn]%ip1 & ? is s
  reg>d.s ( an >range;t 6%>e pr(its &
  losses4 ,= guid.e on :e!r a "picul>
  >range;t at a "picul> "t 3/itutes a
  "pn]%ip1 ref];e %d 2 made 6! relevant
  prov9cial law on ! subject1 & s* law w
  2 view$ z p]suasive 0! ,de"p;t (
  ,n,nal ,rev5ue4
#c4 ,a "*i/ic (a "pn]%ip is a %>+ (
  pr(its (a busi;s z oppos$ 6a %>+ (
  gross returns4 ,": ! %>e ( pr(its
  repres5ts ! pay;t ( an oblig,n z
  oppos$ 6a "pn]%ip "r 6s %>e1 any
  presump;n ( "pn]%ip relat+ 6! %>e (
  pr(its is rebutt$4
#d4 ,a jo9t v5ture agree;t1 ":by two or
  m p]sons agree t ea* provides 8 [n
  prop]ty 6p]=m a specific task & rcvs a
  specific divi.n ( pr(its f s* a task1
  may 2 3sid]$ a "pn]%ip z reg>ds s*
  pr(its2 b z l;g z ! prop]ty is n held
  "u jo9t t5ancy or t5ancy 9 -mon1    #b
                ,,it-#ij             b#a
  x is n 3sid]$ 6be "pn]%ip prop]ty4
  ,?us ! capital co/ all[.e provi.ns
  relat+ 6"pn]%ip prop]ty d n apply4
#e4 ,": s"eal p]sons =m an associ,n =!
  purpose ( c>ry+ \ "picul> busi;s
  transac;ns 9 : !y >e mutu,y 9t]e/$1 !
  associ,n
--------------------------------------#b
  has ! "*i/ic ( "pn]%ip4 ,h["e1 s*
  p]sons may associate )\t ea* a3ept+
  total liabil;y =! associ,n's debts4 ,9
  ^! circum/.es1 3tracts may 9dicate t !
  associat$ p]sons w 2 lia# only = _!
  respective agre$ por;ns (! debts4 ,!
  exi/;e ( s* an >range;t is view$ z an
  9dic,n t a "pn]%ip does n exi/4 ,"o (!
  orig9al examples ( ? type ( associ,n :
  does n 3/itute a "pn]%ip is a
  syndicate ( 9sur.e "uwrit]s4
  ,associ,ns or syndicates 9 3nec;n )
  natural res\rce 9du/ries (t5 >e 9 !
  same category4
#f4 ,s9ce a "pn]%ip is a rel,n%ip 2t
  p]sons c>ry+ on busi;s = pr(it1 !   #c
                ,,it-#ij             a#b
  type & ext5t (a p]son's 9volve;t 9 !
  busi;s is relevant 9 det]m9+ :e!r he
  is 9 r1l;y a "pn]4
#g4 ,=mal regi/r,n (a "pn]%ip or limit$
  "pn]%ip is n 9 xf decisive 2c a
  decl>,n ( ? type does n prevail 9
  "pn]%ip law ov] ! actual facts (a
  situ,n4
#h4 ,any (! factors m5;n$ 9 ? ,bullet9
  >e n necess>ily decisive 9 !mvs1 b
  m]ely s]ve z objective crit]ia on :
  6base a deci.n on ! exi/;e or non-
  exi/;e (a "pn]%ip4










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